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Depth and Beauty:
Chess Endgame Studies
of Artur Mandler
Translated and Edited by John Beasley

Reviewed by Prof. Nagesh Havanur

self-published, 2003
softcover, 128 pages
available from Arves

This book is a labour of love by John Beasley, author and columnist for Endgame Studies, British Chess Magazine.  Artur Mandler (1891-1971) was a brilliant endgame composer and analyst.  He was a close friend of Reti whose studies he collected and published in 1931.

This book is a critical edition of his work Studie (Prague, 1970), a collection of his endgame compositions.  It deservedly won the Arves Book of the Year Award.  [Arves is the world’s leading association of endgame study enthusiasts.  It publishes the international magazine EG and also books on endgame studies.]

Mandler was a product of the rich chess culture of Central Europe that produced great players like Duras and Reti.  The flair of these masters for the endgame led them to the art of composition.  Their example was followed by Hašek, Moravec and Mandler.  Mandler, like his mentor Reti, was a master of the natural endgame study.  The author asserts that the standard of their work has been equaled only by the famous Russian composer, Nikolai Grigoriev.

The title of this book is inspired by the words of John Roycroft, the doyen of endgame studies.  In a tribute after Mandler’s death, he summed up the master’s work in two sentences: “Here is no depth for depth’s sake.  Instead, subtlety, beauty and economy combine… into one glorious achievement.”

How good is this hyperbole?  Today endgame studies (both past and present) are subjected to the pitiless glare of computer analysis.  When John Nunn had to select studies for his work Endgame Challenge (Gambit 2002) he found flaws in over 1000 compositions and had to reject them.  These included even classics by composers like Kasparyan.  His final choice of 250 studies was made only after rigorous testing by Deep Fritz and comparison with Nalimov tablebases.

Similarly John Beasley, the translator of this book, has left nothing to chance:

“Everything in this book has been checked by computer, using the programs Hiracs 7.32 and Fritz 6 on a Pentium III at 450 MHz with 128 Mb RAM.  As set up on my machine, these programs automatically consult the Nalimov five-man endgame tablebases required, and also a “depth to capture” database for K+R vK+N created by John Tamplin.  I also made use of Ken Thomson’s database….and Marc Bourzutschky tested some positions for me using his databases…”

The result of this meticulous work showed that about three-quarters of Mandler’s work were sound.  Indeed, his standards of accuracy, living as he did in the pre-computer era, were high.

The material of the book is divided as under:

Chapter 1 Pawn studies
Chapter 2 Rook against knight
Chapter 3 Rook studies
Chapter 4 Rook against knight and pawn on a2/a3
Chapter 5 Studies with other material

This is followed by four Appendices:

A. Two personal appreciations
B. A Mandler analysis under the microscope
C. Prizes and other honours
D. Compositions omitted

This last section includes the flawed studies and analysis showing what is wrong with them.  The author spares none.  The first of these is a dedicatory problem to František Macek, a dear friend of Mandler.  At the end of the refutation John Beasley writes:

It has long been a joke among composers that to dedicate a composition to somebody is the surest possible way of ensuring that it will eventually be proved to be unsound.

This does not prevent him from offering his own composition as a tribute to the master’s memory!

This book is the outcome of extraordinary research and sets standards of excellence worthy of emulation.

I have chosen relatively easy examples from the book so that the solver is not daunted by the task and also enjoys the composition.  The first study illustrates a simple theme: How to catch a stray knight in the ending.

I

Revue FIDE 1955









White to play and win

1.Kb6 Kc8 2.Re2! wins

     2…Nc6 3.Rc2
     2….Kd8 3.Rd2+
     2….Kh8 3. Re8 #



 

The second study offers a little combination with a remarkable feint by the White prelate to prevail over his counterpart.

II

Pionýrské noviny 1964









White to play and win

1.f6 exf6 2.e6 Bc5 3.bxc6 wins

     3….Bd6+ 4.Be5
     3….Kb6 4.Bd4



 

The third study is a pawn ending with a march and countermarch by the opposing monarchs.

III

Československý šach 1954









White to move and win

1.Kf6!

A paradoxical move, blocking his own passed pawn.  Natural moves like 1.f4 only draw.

1….Kd4 2.f4 h5 3.Kg5 Ke4 4.f5 h4 5.f6 h3 6.f7 h2 7.f8=Q h1 =Q 8.Qa8+ wins

Or

1…Kb4 2.f4 Kxa4 3.f5 b5 4.Ke5 b4 5.Kd4 b3 6.Kc3 Ka3 7.f6 b2 8.f7 b1=Q 9.f8=Q + Kxa4 10.Qa8+ Kb5 11.Qb7 + wins



 

The last study offers a cut and thrust battle between the white king and the black bishop.  The honours are even.

IV

Československý šach 1964









White to play and draw

1.c5 bxc5
2. Kb6 c4!
3.Bxc4 a3
4.Kc5 Bd3!
5.Ba2! Bxe2
6.Kd4 Bc4
7.Kxc3 Bxa2
8.Kd2! draws

Highly recommended.
 

** An endgame tablebase is a computerized database of all chess positions within certain endgames.

The tablebase reveals the game-theoretical value of each position (win, loss, or draw), and how many moves it will take to achieve that result with perfect play.  Thus, the tablebase acts as an oracle, always providing the optimal moves for both White and Black.

The current model is named after its creator, Eugene Nalimov, a chess programmer from Novosibirsk, former USSR.  [Return]


Eugene Nalimov

 

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