Space Chess
by Harvey Lerman

| The following article was authored by Harvey Lerman,
and reprinted by permission from floridaCHESS, the quarterly
publication of the
Florida Chess
Association. Any additions or errors in the transcription of
this article are the sole responsibility of Chessville. |
 |
American astronaut, Gregory Chamitoff, is playing against
all the world ground Control Centers in a single chess game as he passes
over Florida in the International Space Station.

an interview with America’s chess-playing
astronaut
This “interview” was conducted by your Editor, Harvey Lerman,
sending one e-mail message containing all the questions to a Flight Director
of the International Space Station (ISS). After approval, the e-mail
was sent on to Gregory Chamitoff ,
who is currently America’s
astronaut on board the ISS. The questions were then answered by him in
one email which was forwarded to us for publication in floridaCHESS.
According to the Flight Director, Robert Dempsey, “We are
currently playing the first ever game of space chess. Each day Greg
makes a move and then one of the control centers around the world makes the
ground's move. We have a video camera setup showing his chess set on the ISS
and we have one set up in Mission Control..”
1. How are you playing the game... on an electronic screen?
or with a magnetic set? I'd hate to see the pieces start floating around the
station. Who had the idea of playing chess in space ... how did it come
about and how did the chess set make the trip? Is it yours or did someone
have one made for the trip?
I'm playing on a board that I brought up with me. I've
been thinking about this ever since Expedition 6. I was a crew support
astronaut for that crew and worked as Capcom. One of the crew and I shared
an interest in chess. I suggested that we play 'over the loops', but it
never worked out. Ever since then I thought it would be a fun thing to do
when (and if) I got to fly on the Station.
I was looking for the perfect chess set for Space. It
needed to be large enough to be easily visible on a video camera view that
the ground would normally be using. The pieces would have to stick to the
board very reliably, and it had to be ultra lightweight because our
personal allocation of 'stuff' that we can bring is extremely limited. I
eventually found the perfect chess set. It had magnetic pieces and a felt
board with a flexible metallic inner sheet. On the ground, you could
literally set up the board and then pick it up by a corner and carry it
off without anything falling off. Unfortunately, though, I eventually
found out that our NASA safety experts don't want us to bring anything
magnetic onboard, because of the potential that it could interfere with
the operation of onboard systems. So I ended up doing things the NASA way,
which, of course, means velcro! I'm using the same board from that
original set, and I bought an additional set with cheap hollow plastic
pieces that were just the right size. On the positive side, this chess set
was even lighter than the original. Once onboard, I spent one late weekend
night cutting velcro circles to fit on the pieces. Fortunately, the felt
on the board works great as the other side for the velcro. I haven't
totally lost a piece yet, but one of the rooks did escape for about 24
hours. I found it at one of the air-flow return filters in the US
Laboratory.
2. Do you normally play much chess when on Earth? Where do
you live and do you participate in any local chess club when on Earth?
I played chess all the time when I was younger. My father
taught me how to play when I was very young, and he always joked that he
couldn't beat me after I turned 4. How old I actually was when I learned,
and how many years he let me win, I'll never know, but he encouraged me a
great deal and played with me endlessly when I was a kid. I played chess
in school, started a few chess clubs, and won several small tournaments
when I was a kid. Once or twice I played in official tournaments, but
never took it that seriously. In recent times (like the last decade), it
seems that I rarely get a chance to play chess with anyone, although I
have a few times. I've enjoyed teaching some of the younger members of my
family, and children of friends, how to play, and encouraged them in the
same way my father did for me.
I do play chess occasionally against my computer or even
my phone. I have a chess program on my phone that usually wins - it's
humiliating to think that you can't beat your own phone at chess.
3. Are others in the crew helping you or do you play alone?
What do they think about it?
Well, we are officially playing as "Crew vs. Ground", so
that's the plan. They are kibitzing here and there, and keeping a close
eye on the game.
4. I hear your opponents may be using the help of a Grand
Master. [The rumor was
not true… see game. - Ed.]
Are you hoping to have a Cosmonaut get a Russian GM to help you?
The fun of this is that we're playing 'Crew vs. Ground',
although we've really handicapped the ground quite significantly by making
the different control centers take turns with their moves. They are not
supposed to interact between control centers to discuss their strategy,
and so this makes it an additional challenge for the ground. Hopefully
this evens the odds a bit!
5. Do you take a while to plan your move, or do you just
come up with it while "on the john"? Do you have any chess books or other
material to help you decide on the move? Do your other duties get in the way
of playing the game?
I'm taking a day or more between moves, so I have plenty
of time to stare at the board. I'm usually too busy during the day to
think much about it, so I tend to think about my move in the evening. The
only problem with taking so long between moves is that there is now some
pressure to make sure it's not a stupid move. In fact, this game has kept
me up quite late on several occasions, but I'm enjoying it very much. We
do have software games on-orbit, including chess, and I've spent some time
playing games against the computer as well.
6. Can we get a photo of you... playing chess... especially
while making the winning move?
I'll be happy to do that - it's a good idea for my own
scrapbook too. [See cover
- Ed.]
7. Do you have some sort of wager on the game? What prize do
you get for winning? I know the chess world would be thrilled to read about
your story.
There are no wagers of any kind, this is just for fun. I
guess we'll have to see how this evolves for game number 2 and beyond. It
would be fun to play simultaneous games from here. The Control Center in
Moscow said that they would rather make all of their own moves
(naturally)! I don't know if I could get any sleep if I tried to play 6
simultaneous games, but why not - it could be fun to do that. Someone in
Houston (I would like to know who) came up with an Excel spreadsheet to
track the game. [See page
6 - Ed]
It's great - it has all the moves listed, but also has a
graphical representation of the board. If we start playing multiple games,
we could use this to keep track of them all.
8. I just saw the position after your 16th move and think
you're "putting it" to them with that one! How do you think the game has
proceeded so far?
I think I got very lucky with one small move early on -
that was P-QR4. It's made it possible for me to eventually corner black's
queen. I've traded a lot of material for that queen, though, and it's not
clear how much of an advantage it will turn out to be. But at the moment
I'm optimistic.
9. I just read in the paper that they "retreat you into the
Soyuz for the entire space walks in case of an emergency". Is that so you
can concentrate on the chess game in case the ground makes a surprising
move?
I did spend a lot of time crammed into the Soyuz descent
capsule during the two recent Russian spacewalks. Each time it was about
11 hours, and I now know for sure that I'm not completely claustrophobic.
The reason for this was to make sure that the three of us stayed on the
same side of a module at vacuum in the event that there was a problem
repressurizing after the EVA
[Extra Vehicular Activity; i.e., spacewalk—Ed]. With the Soyuz
parked in its current location, the EVA hatch is between the main Station
modules and our rescue vehicle (the Soyuz). We have a rule that basically
assures that the crew is never separated from the rescue vehicle (and
certainly not by having a module at vacuum in the path). So in the case of
some problem during the EVA, my crew-mates would have entered the upper
part of the Soyuz vehicle and repressurized there before doffing their
suits. In that case, we would either have to undock and redock the Soyuz
to a different port on the Station, or return to Earth, depending on the
nature of the problem.
As such, I also had a lot of extra equipment in there with
me to handle a variety of off-nominal situations. Although there would
normally be three people in there for a descent, it was quite full with
just one person, 3 suits, and all the extra gear I had. Admittedly,
though, some of that gear was to keep me busy - a computer, extra
batteries, a book, a camera, food, water, extra clothing (it gets cold in
there), etc.
I didn't play any chess in there, but I did write some
letters, listened to music, and I watched a ton of Star Trek and StarGate
I. For the second time around, I basically did a Star Trek Enterprise
marathon! I'm watching the whole Enterprise series from beginning to end -
usually one episode a day while I'm on our stationary cycling machine. It
was a little strange to be watching Sci-Fi while looking out the Soyuz
window down on the Earth. For all my life it seemed like hopeful fiction,
but here I was sitting in a real spacecraft flying high above a beautiful
planet.
I feel so fortunate to live at a time when we are
beginning our exploration of Space, and to have a chance to be part of it.
We might not have warp drive and transporters, but there's no denying that
we have a permanent off-world presence on an amazing, huge, and very
capable International Space Station up here, and that, in the future,
people will be living and working on all kinds of space facilities to
explore and expand humanity beyond Earth. From right here it seems like
such a small and reachable step to just go farther.
10. Please tell us about your some of your duties on this
space mission and its main goals.
I arrived on the Shuttle STS-124 mission, which was
primarily aimed at installing the new Japanese Experiment Module (JEM),
also named 'Kibo' (meaning Hope). This module is a huge addition to the
Space Station and a state-of-the-art, very capable space laboratory. One
of my primary objectives on the ISS Expedition 17 mission is to check out
all systems in the JEM and bring the scientific equipment online to begin
the Japanese program of scientific research. The European Columbus module
is also a recently added advanced laboratory and there are numerous
investigations planned there as well. Between the U.S., European, and
Japanese programs, I've got a very busy 6 months up here trying to
accomplish as much science as we possibly can, while also preparing the
Station for a transition to a 6-person crew. In November, the STS-126
Shuttle mission will bring additional life support equipment, and the work
required to reconfigure the Station to support the larger long-duration
crews of the future begins now.
11. If you win would you claim to be the chess champion of
space? What are your opinions of other intelligent life in the universe that
may offer a challenge to your title?
I hope that the 'handicap' we gave to the Control Centers
will assure that no one can take sole blame or credit for however this
game turns out. We're playing for the fun of it, and for the camaraderie
and team spirit that I hope it generates between centers on the ground and
with us onboard.
I haven't seen any aliens out here that can play chess,
but I keep looking!
Dr. Gregory Chamitoff is currently serving a six-month tour
of duty aboard the International Space Station as Expedition 17 ISS Flight
Engineer and Science Officer. He launched to the station with the crew of
STS-124 on May 31, 2008, docking with the station on June 2, 2008. He
will return to Earth on shuttle mission STS-126.
|
We gratefully acknowledge the help of the following for
giving us the opportunity to present this to you:
Robert Dempsey, DA8/Flight Director
Gregory Chamitoff, Astronaut
Photos courtesy NASA |
|

|
#1 Chamitoff demonstrating an advantage he has in
being able to observe from above and at any angle. |
|
#2 MSS Houston, with Flight Director Robert Dempsey
(center) and the STS-124 flight control team in June of 2008 |

|
|
 |
#3 Current ISS crew, Gregory Chamitoff on the right.
Russians Oleg Kononenko (left) and Sergei Volkov (son of a cosmonaut -
making him the first child of an astronaut / cosmonaut to follow in
footsteps) complete the crew. The photo was taken in the new Japanese
module "Kibo". The American, Japanese and Russian flags are
shown behind them. |
The Space Chess Game
The following Excel spreadsheet was written by someone at the
Mission Control Center in Houston (MCC-H) to track the game.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Descriptive Notation |
Control
Center |
Algebraic Notation |
|
| |
Crew |
MCC |
Crew |
MCC |
|
|
1 |
P - Q4 |
P-Q4 |
MCC-H |
d4 |
d5 |
1 |
|
2 |
N-QB3 |
P-QB3 |
POIC |
Nc3 |
c6 |
2 |
|
3 |
B-KB4 |
N-KB3 |
COL-CC |
Bf4 |
Nf6 |
3 |
|
4 |
N-KB3 |
N-Q2 |
SSIPC |
Nf3 |
Nbd7 |
4 |
|
5 |
P-K3 |
P-K3 |
MCC-M |
e3 |
e6 |
5 |
|
6 |
N-K5 |
Q-QR4 |
ATV-CC |
Ne5 |
Qa5 |
6 |
|
7 |
B-Q3 |
N-K4 |
MCC-H |
Bd3 |
Nxe5 |
7 |
|
8 |
B-K5 |
B-QR6 |
POIC |
Bxe5 |
Ba3 |
8 |
|
9 |
Q-QB1 |
B-QN5 |
COL-CC |
Qc1 |
Bb4 |
9 |
|
10 |
Castle |
P-QN3 |
SSIPC |
O-O |
b6 |
10 |
|
11 |
P-QR4 |
B-QR3 |
MCC-M |
a4 |
Ba6 |
11 |
|
12 |
N-QN5 |
Castle |
ATV-CC |
Nb5 |
O-O |
12 |
|
13 |
B-KB6 |
P-KB3 |
MCC-H |
Bxf6 |
gxf6 |
13 |
|
14 |
P-QB3 |
P-QN4 |
POIC |
c3 |
Pxb5 |
14 |
|
15 |
R-Q1 |
R-QB1 |
COL-CC |
Rd1 |
Rc8 |
15 |
|
16 |
PxQN5 |
B-QB6 |
SSIPC |
Pxb5 |
Bxc3 |
16 |
|
17 |
RxQR5 |
BxQR4 |
MCC-M |
Rxa5 |
Bxa5 |
17 |
|
18 |
Q-QN1 |
B-QN2 |
ATV-CC |
Qb1 |
Bb7 |
18 |
|
19 |
P-QN4 |
P-KB4 |
MCC-H |
b4 |
f5 |
19 |
|
20 |
PxQR5 |
PxQR4 |
POIC |
Pxa5 |
Pxa5 |
20 |
|
21 |
R-QB1 |
P-QP5 |
COL-CC |
Rc1 |
a4 |
21 |
|
22 |
RxQB8 |
BxQB1 |
SSIPC |
Rxc8 |
Bxc8 |
22 |
|
23 |
Q-QN4 |
B-Q2 |
MCC-M |
Qb4 |
Bd7 |
23 |
|
24 |
QxPR4 |
R-QB1 |
ATV-CC |
Qxa4 |
Rc8 |
24 |
|
25 |
QxPR7 |
R-QB8+ |
MCC-H |
Qxa7 |
Rc1+ |
25 |
|
26 |
B-KB1 |
B-QB1 |
POIC |
Bf1 |
Bc8 |
26 |
|
27 |
P-QN6 |
K-KN2 |
COL-CC |
b6 |
Kg7 |
27 |
|
28 |
P-QN7 |
BxPb7 |
SSIPC |
Pb7 |
Bb7 |
28 |
|
29 |
QxBb7 |
K-KB3 |
MCC-M |
Qb7 |
K f 6 |
29 |
|
30 |
P-KB3 |
P-QR6 |
ATV-CC |
f3 |
Ph6 |
30 |
Mission Control resigned, or conceded, on Aug. 13,
2008. |
The Ground Control Centers take turns making their moves as
indicated:
MCC-H = Mission Control Houston
MCC-M = Mission Control Moscow
POIC = Payload Operations Interface Center (science payload CC)
COL-CC = Columbus Control Center (THE European Space Agency CC)
SSIPC = The Japanese Control Center
ATV-CC = Automated Transfer Vehicle Control Center
Obviously “Ground” has a lot of time to think. But the
centers don't coordinate so are really playing by committee. I.e. MCC-H has
one of the different flight control positions make the move when it is MCC-H's
turn.
Position after 13.Bxf6
At this point Dr. Juan C. Yabraian, who used to play in USCF
tournaments in Texas in the early 1990s and had a near-expert rating looked
at the position for MCC-H and commented:
Our next move has to be g7 x f6 (PxB). At this point
in the game, our King is very vulnerable. White is threatening to
checkmate in a few moves, so we need to run. Most likely, Greg
(White) will move his Queen to d1 in order to later take the pawn at h7
and check the King. Before that can happen, we need to move the
King's Rook to c8 to give the King some room. He'll move the Queen
in an effort to check, but we should try eventually to get our King to e7,
where it will be safer.
At some point, Greg will probably focus on our Queen,
which is unfortunately trapped. He will probably move his c2 pawn up
one square to threaten our black square Bishop. We will have to
sacrifice that Bishop. After that, our Queen can take that pawn and
break free, going to d6 where it will have more room to maneuver.
The game will be very difficult to win. The best we
can do it use our two Rooks and our Queen to threaten White's position,
but otherwise, we will probably have to resign.
This led to the rumor that a “Grand Master” was advising the
Ground, and that he said “We’re screwed” at this point. His advise was
prophetic, but not distributed, and not followed.
Position after 20… bxa5
|
This is the position as we “go to print”. And
your Editor’s comment was:
“All White has to do now is (in any order): Move his
King toward the center, trade rooks, and win Black's helpless QRP.
Barring any blunder on White’s part, the Queen would infiltrate and
open things up to win more material and eventually force a white pawn
thru.” |

The MCC-H board after 17.RxQ
(Note: Ground is Black.) |
They have started a simul from the International Space
Station. Greg Chamitoff is now playing 6 games simultaneously, one
against each of the Ground Stations. I guess some of them want
"revenge"! Follow NASA's account of the games
here.
Chessville News
Florida Chess Association
|

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